J

    - Glossary

 

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Joint and several liability   a situation when more than one party is liable for repayment of a debt or obligation. A creditor can obtain compensation from one or more parties, either individually or jointly.

Joint protection policy   a title insurance policy insuring the interest of both owner and lender.

Joint tenancy (with Right of Survivorship)  an estate or unit of interest in real estate that is owned by two or more natural persons with rights of survivorship. The basic idea of a joint tenancy is "unity" of ownership; title is held as though all owners collectively constituted as one person - a fictitious entity. The death of one joint tenant does not destroy the owning unit--it only reduces by one the number of persons who jointly own the unit. The remaining joint tenants receive the deceased tenant's interest by the right of survivorship. Thus, the decedent's interest cannot be transferred by will or descent. As each successive joint tenant dies, the remaining tenants acquire the interest of the deceased. The last survivor takes title in severalty, fully inheritable at his or her death by heirs and devisees (persons who receive a gift).

Joint venture   the joining of two or more people to conduct a specific business enterprise. A joint venture is similar to a partnership in that it must be created by agreement between the parties to share in the losses and profits of the venture. It is unlike a partnership in that the joint venture is for one specific project only, rather than for a continuing business relationship. (see partnership)

Judgment   the formal decision of a court on the respective rights and claims of the parties to an action or suit. A judgement that has been entered and recorded with the county recorder usually becomes a general lien on the property of the defendant.

Judgment decree   specifiies the award made by the court in a civil case.

Judgment lien   a general lien on the property of a judgment debtor, giving the holder of the judgment a right to levy the property to satisfy the debt. It is a security for the judgment debt.  A lien predicted upon the rendition or entry of judgment, the same being the right given the judgment creditor to subject by levy or seizure the property of the judgment debtor to the satisfaction of the judgment

Judicial foreclosure   a method of foreclosing on real property by means of a court-supervised sale. In a judicial foreclosure, there is an appraisal, after which the court determines an upset price below which no bids to purchase will be accepted.

Judicial precedent   in regards to law, the requirements established by prior court decisions.

Jumbo loan   a "jumbo" loan is any loan that exceeds the underwriting guidelines for Fannie Mae/Freddie Mac maximum loan limits. A Jumbo loan must be kept by the bank and not sold in the secondary market or it can be sold to investors outside of the Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac companies. Jumbo loans represent a larger risk to the banks, so the interest rates are usually higher, and the terms may not be as favorable, with higher down payments and other requirements.

Junction box   a rectangular metal or plastic box that provides a nexus (junction) for a home's electrical wiring system. Protects the wiring from the elements.

Junior lien/mortgage   an obligation, such as a second mortgage, that is subordinate in right or lien priority to an existing lien (senior loan) on the same real estate.

Junk fees – are considered nebulous, unclear charges assessed at the closing of a mortgage that go to the originator or lender. These fees are hidden in the mortgage documents and are usually assessed as raw dollars rather than "points" or a percentage of the loan. Junk fees may or may not pay for an actual service to the borrower, but they typically are not known to the borrower prior to signing. Some common fees that may be considered junk fees include settlement fees, sign-up fees, underwriting fees, funding fees, translation fees and messenger fees.

 

 

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